Lubricant oil are widely used in automobiles, machinery, metallurgy, and other industries. They are essential products related to the national economy and people's livelihood.

In the composition of lubricating oil products, the base oil content accounts for 70% to 99%. The best oil additive is an essential factor that determines the performance and service life of lubricating oils. From the 1930s to the present, oil additives have developed many varieties, which have been extended into five categories of additives, namely detergents, dispersant additives, anti-friction oil additive, Antioxidants and viscosity index improvers.

What is the friction modifier?

Engine oil friction modifiers can prevent the metal surface from abrasion, abrasion, and scorch under the condition of high load on the metal surface.It has top active groups and decomposes when the pressure and temperature conditions are severe. The decomposed active materials polymerize under friction to form a thick, tough film, or interact with the surface of the friction pair to form a modified layer, which can reduce wear.

Engine oil friction modifiers can be divided into sulfur-based anti-friction oil additive, phosphorus-based friction reducer oil additive, halogen-based anti-friction oil additive, and organic metal (including lead naphthenate and dialkyl dithiophosphate) ZnDTP, etc.), boron-based antiwear agents (including inorganic borate and natural borate), etc.

However, with the rapid development of modern industry and the continuous improvement of individual requirements for the natural environment and health consciousness, these single-active element antiwear agents have become increasingly challenging to meet the needs of harsh working conditions and the development of the times. For example, chlorine-based friction reducer oil additive has been banned in some countries such as the United States and Western Europe because of its toxicity; lead naphthenate has also been gradually phased out due to ecological and toxicity issues; sulfur- and phosphorus-based anti-friction oil additives will cause exhaust gas converters The three-way catalyst poisoning, affecting the accuracy of the oxygen sensor measurement, and the toxicity to the ecological environment, have been limited to use by international regulations. For example, the amount of ZDTP in American lubricants was reduced from 0.12% in the 1990s to 0.08%. Anti-friction oil additive also has problems with dispersion stability and water sensitivity. Under the international regulations that limit the use of sulfur and phosphorus traditional single-element friction reducer oil additives and the requirements of working conditions are becoming increasingly severe, the diversification and integration of friction reducer oil additives will inevitably develop.

ZDTP is a global best anti-friction oil additive. Although it has catalyst toxicity and other problems, it has superior performance. In addition to outstanding abrasion resistance, it also has oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, suspension dispersion, and other effects. It is widely used in lubricating oil, such as gear oil.

In 2019, the global production and consumption of lubricant reducer oil additive were nearly 400,000 tons. North America's use of antiwear agents accounts for more than 27% of the worldwide use of friction reducer oil additives, Western Europe's use of friction reducer oil additives accounts for 14% of the world's total consumption of antiwear agents, and China's use of conflict reducer oil additives accounts for the global resistance The full consumption of abrasives reached 16%. Other countries and regions accounted for nearly 43% of the total global use.

In the next few years, the US lubricant market will shrink, and the demand for friction reducer oil additive will also decrease slightly. Western Europe will grow at a rate of 1% to 3%. The need for China's friction reducer oil additive will be 3%. The growth rate is from 5% to 4.5%. There are 13 and 10 companies producing North America and Western Europe Friction Reducer Oil Additives. In addition to the four major lubricant additive companies, BSF, ENI, and Chemtura also participate in it; China currently also has Luoyang Tongrun Info Technology Co., Ltd. All oil additive companies can provide best oil additive products.

With the increasing requirements of environmental protection, the demand for environmentally-friendly lubricant additives has also increased accordingly. While meeting working performance, it should also be biodegradable and environmentally friendly. Low phosphorus, low sulfur, little ash, biological degradability had become a significant development direction for future best oil additives.

In the next few years, the US lubricant market will shrink, and the demand for friction reducer oil additive will also decrease slightly. Western Europe will grow at a rate of 1% to 3%. The need for China's friction reducer oil additive will be 3%. The growth rate is from 5% to 4.5%. There are 13 and 10 companies producing North America and Western Europe Friction Reducer Oil Additives. In addition to the four major lubricant additive companies, BSF, ENI, and Chemtura also participate in it; China currently also has Luoyang Tongrun Info Technology Co., Ltd. All oil additive companies can provide best oil additive products.

With the increasing requirements of environmental protection, the demand for environmentally-friendly lubricant additives has also increased accordingly. While meeting working performance, it should also be biodegradable and environmentally friendly. Low phosphorus, low sulfur, little ash, biological degradability had become a significant development direction for future best oil additives.

Infomak is dedicated to the technology development of special oil additives, combined the Technology of nanomaterials developed dry lubricant and oil additives two series. Our products can significantly improve the performance of lubricating oil, improve energy efficiency, effectively protect the lubrication device and extend the oil change cycle, which can satisfy the lubrication oil constantly upgrading for high-end engine oil additives. Contact us.

Reducing the friction and wear of the main friction pairs of mechanical equipment, reducing energy consumption and reducing environmental pollution are the three major issues facing the design, manufacturing, and use of modern machinery. Lubricants are the key factors. Extreme pressure additive and anti-wear additive are the most commonly used lubricant additives. Under the action of pressure, adding intense pressure anti-wear agents to the lubricant can reduce the friction, wear, and sintering of mechanical parts, make the machine lubricate, thereby improving the working efficiency of the engine and extending the service life of the device. Traditional extreme pressure anti-wear additives usually contain sulfur, phosphorus, and organometallic salts, while new intense pressure anti-wear additives are developing towards ashless, low phosphorus, and low sulfur.

Research and application status of various extreme pressure additive and anti-wear additive

1. Phosphorous extreme pressure additive

Phosphorus-containing organic compound additives have been used as extreme pressure anti-wear additives for a long time, and have obtained a wide range of industrial applications. They are currently one of the most widely used additives with the best anti-wear effects. There are many types of phosphorus extreme pressure additive and anti-wear additive. According to their active elements, they can be divided into phosphorus type, phosphorus nitrogen type, sulfur phosphorus type, sulfur phosphorus nitrogen type, and sulfur phosphorus nitrogen boron type. Phosphorus anti-wear agents have been around for a long time, mainly in phosphate and phosphite series.

2. Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic extreme pressure additive and anti-wear additive

Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds and their derivatives have excellent anti-wear properties, anti-oxidation properties, dispersive properties, rust-proof properties, and anti-corrosive properties. They have been the focus of research in the field of tribology in recent years. Nitrogen heterocyclic additives are divided into: thiazole derivatives, thiadiazole derivatives, oxazolines, benzotriazole derivatives, imidazoline derivatives, pyridine and imidazoline derivatives, diazine derivatives, and triazine derivatives, etc.

3. Boron-containing extreme pressure additive and anti-wear additive

As a new type of non-reactive extreme-pressure anti-wear additive, boron-based additives are receiving more and more attention due to their unique chemical stability. From chemical structure, boron-based additives can be divided into organic borate and inorganic borate. The boron-containing additives not only have excellent thermal oxidation stability and sealing adaptability, have no corrosion effect on copper at high temperature, and have a good impact on steel. Excellent anti-rust performance, at the same time it is conducive to improving the operating environment, has the excellent load-carrying capacity, and anti-friction and anti-wear performance are superior to sulfur and phosphorus additives, has been used in industrial gear oil, two-stroke oil.

The boron-based additives with broad development prospects are organic borate esters. A large number of studies have found that almost all of the organic borate esters have friction reduction and oxidation resistance, and some have anti-wear effects. Besides, its thermal stability is excellent, and it does not corrode copper at high temperatures, has excellent rust resistance to steel, and also has good sealing adaptability, non-toxic and odorless, and conducive to environmental protection. These advantages are incomparable with traditional phosphorus and sulfur extreme pressure anti-wear additives.

4. Organometallic salts extreme pressure additive and anti-wear additive

Organometallic salts are an essential class of lubricating oil additives, which are widely used. According to the structural characteristics of the compounds, the organometallic salts extreme pressure anti-wear additives can be divided into the following categories: 1) metal dialkyl dithiocarbamates, 2) dialkyl dithiophosphate, 3) Polymers containing active metal elements (mainly EDTA water-soluble metal complexes). However, in recent years, environmental regulations have become increasingly stringent, and the demand for ashless lubricant additives has been increasing. Therefore, lubricant additives containing metal elements are increasingly challenged.

ZDDP oil additive has many functions such as anti-oxidation, anti-corrosion, extreme pressure, anti-wear, and so on. Since the middle of the 20th century, it has been an indispensable additive component in oils such as internal combustion engine oils and widely used in petroleum.

Organic molybdenum has excellent tribological properties and occupies a significant position in lubricating materials. Organic molybdenum-based additives have various functions such as anti-wear, anti-friction, extreme pressure, and anti-oxidation, which have attracted full attention from academia and industry. Experiments show that MoDTC has good intense pressure anti-wear performance, especially ZDDP shows a perfect anti-wear synergy effect.

5. Nano oil additive

With the rapid development of nanotechnology and surface analysis technology, many scholars expect to use nanoparticles as a breakthrough in the event of new lubricant additives. Nanomaterials used as additives for lubricants are mainly of the following categories: (1) layered inorganic substances such as graphite, MoS2, etc .; (2) nano soft metals such as Cu, Al, Ni, etc .; (3) nano Oxides, such as Al2O3, ZnO, etc .; (4) compounds containing active element S, such as PbS, ZnS, etc .; (5) inorganic borate salts, such as Cu3 (BO3) 2, Ni3 (BO3) 2, etc .; (6) Rare earth compounds, such as rare earth fluoride LaF3, rare earth oxide La2O3, CeO2, and rare earth hydroxide La (OH) 3. Unique earth compounds have great potential for development as lubricant additives. They have the advantages of high-temperature resistance, good oil solubility, and low pollution. Therefore, new multifunctional rare earth organic sophisticated additives have been continuously developed.

With the increase of people's awareness of environmental protection and the increasingly stringent environmental regulations, the development trend of new extreme pressure anti-wear additives in the future is as follows: 

(1) Without reducing the excessive pressure anti-wear performance, improve its thermal oxidation stability and reduce Phosphorus consumption to extend its service life is the development direction of extreme phosphorus pressure anti-wear agents;

(2) To find out the compounding rule and mechanism of other absolute pressure anti-wear agents, and to develop a boron-containing agent with hydrolytic stability is the development direction of intense boron pressure anti-wear agents;

 (3) Application of green synthesis method to obtain multifunctional nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative lubricant additives with high yield, low cost, and ideal effects; meanwhile, in-depth research on its friction mechanism using new characterization methods is nitrogen-containing heterocyclic The development direction of ring lubricant additives;

(4) As an emerging technology, the nano oil additive solves its agglomeration and cost problems, and research on the compounding rule with conventional additives in lubricating oil is the development direction of nanoparticle extreme pressure anti-wear agents.

Infomak is dedicated to the technology development of special oil additives, combined the Technology of nanomaterials developed dry lubricant and oil additives two series. Our products can significantly improve the performance of lubricating oil, improve energy efficiency, effectively protect the lubrication device and extend the oil change cycle, which can satisfy the lubrication oil constantly upgrading for high-end engine oil additives. Contact us.

Engine oil is a very complex oil. Today's high-performance engine lubricants contain a variety of components, such as base oils, the best oil additives, and viscosity modifiers, each of which plays its important role and is balanced to form the final formula.

To ensure that the lubricants perform as required, oil manufacturers must carefully prepare and test each lubricant to meet or exceed specific certification and performance requirements. This article describes the standard components of engine oils, the complexity of their formulations, and the various effects that lubricants must achieve.

Base oil

Let us first discuss base oils. The American Petroleum Institute (API) divides base oils into five categories, each of which has significantly different technical and performance characteristics. Although the base oil is the most significant proportion of heavy vehicle engine oil (usually 60-95% by weight), even the highest quality base oil cannot achieve all-round protection of the engine from high temperatures, Shear force, abrasive particles, chemical dilution, water dilution, and corrosion.

When developing compound additives, formulators must consider the characteristics of the base oils they use, as each base oil has different requirements for oil additives formulations.

Stickiness improver

Viscosity improvers are specially designed polymers used to control the viscosity (thickness) of lubricating oils in specific temperature ranges and working environments. As engine components become more and more sophisticated, advanced polymers not only help the engine operate more efficiently in increasingly harsh environments but also play a key role in improving efficiency, durability, and protection.

A variety of viscosity modifiers have been developed, and the choice of which depends on several related factors, including the operating conditions of the lubricant, the characteristics of the base oil, and oil additives.

Different Oil Additives

Although oil additives are a relatively small component of lubricating oils, they play a significant role in protecting key engine components.

Additives to clean engine

Additives to clean engine-The The engine cleaner additive is used for fuel or oil additives, and its role is to keep engine components clean. In automotive oil formulations, the most commonly used detergents are metal soap salts with sure alkalinity, which can neutralize the acids produced during the combustion process. (keep clean)

Dispersant

The role of dispersant is to suspend pollutants in the oil and prevent the formation of sludge and paint films on engine parts. Dispersants are usually non-metallic ("ashless") substances and are used in conjunction with detergents. (Control of pollutants)

Antioxidants

Antioxidants-Antioxidants are also called oxidation inhibitors. The effect of this low-dose additive is to slow down the oxidation rate of the lubricant. (Slows down oxidation)

Anti-wear additives

The role of anti-wear additives is to form a tough film on highly loaded parts to block contact between metal surfaces. (Reduces engine wear)

Friction Modifier

Friction modifier additive can adhere to the surface of the region and reduce friction and wear when slight conflict occurs. The amount of resistance depends on the smoothness of the contact surface and the pressure between the two surfaces. (Reduces engine wear)

Anti-foam additives

The role of the antifoaming agent is to inhibit the formation of foam in the lubricating oil. Foam can cause cavitation on the pump or reduce lubricant flow. (Reduce cavitation)

Corrosion inhibitor

The role of corrosion inhibitors is to prevent metal surfaces from chemically reacting with water or other contaminants. (Control of corrosion and acids)

Pour point depressant

Pour point depressants can reduce the pour point of a petroleum product, that is, fluidity at low temperature and low shear rate. (Controlling viscosity)

All of the above oil additives must be balanced for the lubricating oil to exert specific effects. Trunnano's formulation experts have professional and sophisticated formulation technology to ensure that all additives, base oils, and vicious agents do not conflict with each other to achieve the efficacy of lubricants jointly.

If the content of one oil additive is high, it may inhibit other oil additives and viscosity improvers from functioning. For example, if the antifoam content is too low, the lubricating oil will foam, cavitating the engine and causing damage. Similarly, if the wrong type of oil cleaner additive is used, the acid in the lubricant cannot be neutralized. Then the dispersant cannot effectively prevent the formation of soot and settle on the engine parts.

Therefore, all oil additives must be blended in precise proportions to work correctly. And Trunnano's expertise in chemistry can do just that. Trunnano's formulation experts know how to formulate professional compound additives to meet a variety of requirements from durability to protection, to achieve excellent fuel economy and efficiency.

Infomak is dedicated to the technology development of special oil additives, combined the Technology of nanomaterials developed dry lubricant and oil additives two series. Our products can significantly improve the performance of lubricating oil, improve energy efficiency, effectively protect the lubrication device and extend the oil change cycle, which can satisfy the lubrication oil constantly upgrading for high-end engine oil additives. Contact us.

The production of grease accounts for a small proportion of the entire petroleum product field. According to a rough estimate, the annual output of oil worldwide is only about 1.16 million tons. Still, it occupies an essential position in the national economy and is necessary for maintaining various machinery and equipment. It plays a vital role in regular operation, reducing friction and wear during surgery, and extending the service life of machinery and equipment. In the field of lubrication engineering, the tribological behavior of grease largely depends on the performance of grease additives. The central role of grease additives is to improve and enhance performance. Often, the addition of different lubricant additives will cause the same grease performance the difference.

Nano science and technology are considered as a new technology facing the 21st century, and its excellent characteristics have attracted widespread attention of scientific researchers. In recent years, nano materials have shown significant application value and broad application prospects in the fields of light, electricity, and magnetism. At the same time, because nano particles have many excellent properties that traditional materials do not have, they exhibit distinctive and superior physics. Chemical properties have entered everyone's horizons. The research on the application of nano materials in grease is relatively smooth.

Previously, some scholars used nano materials as lubricant additives in lubricating oils. It was found that nano materials can be used as friction modifier additives and EP additives, which significantly promoted the reduction of friction and abrasion resistance and the carrying capacity of lubricants. The traditional lubricant additives currently in use have limitations in many aspects, so nano oil additives have been discovered by tribological researchers as a new type of the best oil additives for grease.

The advantages of nano particles as the best oil additives

(1) Nano particles have strong diffusion and self-diffusion capabilities, and it is easy to form a permeation layer or a diffusion layer with excellent abrasion resistance on the metal surface to achieve the anti-friction effect.

(2)Nano particles have the characteristics of small particle size, and they are approximately spherical. They can roll between friction pairs and play a role similar to "ball bearings". The form of friction changes from sliding friction to running friction, making friction The coefficient is reduced; (3) Nano particles can polish and strengthen the friction surface to support external loads and improve the carrying capacity.

Types of nano lubricant additives

(1)Nano elements grease additives

Professor Wang Peng and others investigated the tribological properties of the nano bismuth powder. They found that the quality of nano bismuth powder and the serpentine powder was studied using four-ball friction and abrasion tester under the condition that the total content of the fixed powder was 3% The effect of the ratio on the tribological properties of lithium-based greases. The results show that mixing the nano bismuth powder with serpentine powder as an additive is beneficial to improve the comprehensive tribological properties of lithium-based lubricants. When the mass ratio of the two powders is at 3:1, the composite lithium-based oil has the best tribological features and the best anti-friction and anti-wear effect.

As a transition element, copper has many outstanding characteristics in terms of physical and chemical properties, such as excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, which makes it suitable for the environment in which grease is used. Researchers have found that adding an appropriate amount of nano copper to oil, and adding this grease to friction parts, has excellent anti-friction and anti-wear properties. After observation, it was found that a thin film with friction-reducing and the lubricating effect was formed on the surface of the friction pair, and the nano copper added at the same time would deposit to achieve the purpose of repairing the micro-scratch on the surface of the friction pair, which could significantly reduce the friction and wear of the friction pair.

Dr. Choi added nano copper powder to lithium-based grease. The test results show that nano copper can reduce the friction coefficient and reduce the wear on the friction surface.

Graphene is called "magic material" and has a strange and excellent performance in many fields. From the perspective of tribology, graphene is an excellent lubricating material, which can significantly reduce the friction coefficient and wear rate of friction pairs. Singh et al. Added graphene lubricant to lithium-based grease and tested its tribological properties. It was found that when its mass fraction is 0.4%, the friction coefficient, noise, and vibration of the friction pair are small, and pure grease without additives In comparison, the friction coefficient can be reduced by 30% when pure rolling friction occurs, and the friction coefficient can be reduced by 20% when mixed rolling and sliding friction occurs.

(2)Sulfide nano particles as grease additives

Tungsten disulfide is used as a new type of dry lubricant because of its particular layered hexagonal structure, which is liable to slip between layers, which makes it excellent in lubricating performance and low coefficient of friction. Professor Chen and others added the prepared nano tungsten disulfide powder to lithium-based grease and examined the tribological properties of the lithium-based oil. The results show that the added nano tungsten disulfide powder can significantly improve the tribological properties of lithium-based lubricants. During the friction process, nano tungsten disulfide powder generates adsorption deposition on the surface of the friction pair. Under high temperature and high load conditions, a chemical reaction film containing Fe2O3, FeSO4, WO3, and Fe3O4 is formed, which together produces a lubricating effect.

MoS2 has excellent lubricating properties. It has unique tribological features in harsh environments such as high vacuum, intense radiation, and high and low temperature. It can be used as aerospace grease additives. Cheng Yazhou et al. Prepared nano MoS2 powder and added it to the grease to conduct tribological performance tests. The test results show that the addition of a small amount of nano MoS2 powder has a significant effect on the extreme pressure performance and anti-friction and anti-wear properties of the grease. Influence, the result is pronounced.

In summary, nano lubricant additives have excellent application prospects in greases. In the future, nano-grease additives need to solve the problem of dispersion stability of particles, and they are developing in the direction of "green chemistry," laying a solid foundation for the large-scale practical application of nano-grease additives.

Infomak is dedicated to the technology development of special oil additives, combined the Technology of nanomaterials developed dry lubricant and oil additives two series. Our products can significantly improve the performance of lubricating oil, improve energy efficiency, effectively protect the lubrication device and extend the oil change cycle, which can satisfy the lubrication oil constantly upgrading for high-end engine oil additives. Contact us.

What is molybdenum disulfide?

MoS2 is an inorganic compound that naturally occurs in the mineral molybdenite. The crystal has a layered hexagonal structure similar to graphite. Molybdenum disulfide is known as the "king of high-grade dry lubricant." Molybdenum disulfide is a solid powder made by chemically purifying natural molybdenum concentrate powder after changing its molecular structure. The color of this product is slightly silvery gray, with a metallic luster, and it has a smooth feel when touched. It is insoluble in water. The product has the advantages of excellent dispersibility and non-sticking. It can be added to various greases to form a non-sticky colloid state, which can increase the lubricity and extreme pressure of the lubricant. It is also suitable for high-temperature, high-pressure, high-speed, and high-load mechanical working conditions to extend equipment life.

Molybdenum disulfide properties

The MoS2 melting point is 1185 ℃, but it begins to sublime at a relatively low temperature of 450 ℃. This property is useful for purifying compounds. Due to its layered structure, hexagonal MoS2, like graphite, is an excellent dry lubricant. It and its tungsten disulfide can be used as mechanical parts (for example, aerospace industry), two-stroke engines (types used for motorcycles), and surface coatings in the barrel (to reduce the friction between bullets and ammunition).

Unlike graphite, the lubrication performance of moly powder does not depend on the adsorbed water or other vapors. It has a maximum temperature of 350 ° C in an oxidizing environment and 1100 ° C in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. Its stability makes it suitable for high-temperature applications where grease is not practical.

It is understood that MoS2 is recognized as the best dry powder lubricant in the world. Still, in the application of lubricating oil, the physical diameter of molybdenum particles is large, which will form a precipitate layer in the engine oil and cannot be evenly fused with the engine oil. Among the greases, this makes the manufacture of molybdenum disulfide lubricants a global problem. Only a few companies in Germany and the United States currently master this technology. China also has many methods available in the field of making molybdenum sulfide grease.

What is molybdenum disulfide grease?

Moly disulfide grease contains solid, semi-fluid, and fluid lubricant of molybdenum disulfide. It has excellent lubricating properties for mechanical friction parts working in extreme-pressure environments but does not have excellent high-temperature resistance. Moly disulfide grease is a molybdenum disulfide extreme pressure grease refined by inorganic thickener thickened synthetic ester oil, containing molybdenum disulfide solid lubricant and various oil additives such as anti-oxidation and anti-corrosion. This high temperature and high-pressure grease are designed for the lubrication of bearings and moving devices under high temperature, high load/impact load, etc., providing long-term anti-wear and corrosion protection.

What is the maximum operating temperature of molybdenum sulfide grease?

First of all, the quality of molybdenum sulfide grease is different between different brands and different brands, so the maximum use temperature is also different. The general-purpose molybdenum sulfide grease has a temperature range of -20-120 ℃.

What is molybdenum disulfide grease used for?

1. Under high speed, low speed, heavy load or impact load, it is easy to increase the friction between the gears, resulting in wear and other damage, and molybdenum disulfide grease has excellent extreme pressure and wear resistance, can quickly form an oil film on the equipment, reduce Friction and wear, and has a high load-carrying capacity to prevent gluing, thereby protecting the gear unit.

2. When the gear is running, the grease will be agitated violently, the temperature is also higher, and it will contact with air and water vapor, which will accelerate the oxidation speed of the grease, make it deteriorate, and lose the lubrication effect. Molybdenum disulfide grease has excellent oxidation stability, is not easy to generate various precipitates, and can provide long-term lubrication effect for gears.

3. Speeds are often exposed to moisture during operation. If the water resistance and rust resistance of the grease is not excellent, with the participation of water and oxygen, the tooth surface and gearbox will corrode and rust, which will damage the regular operation of the gear. Molybdenum disulfide grease can solve this problem because it does not dilute or emulsify even underwater or other environments, protect the equipment from corrosion and provide adequate lubrication.

Disadvantages of Moly disulfide grease

1. Moly disulfide grease can not be mixed with other lubricants, it will reduce the performance or failure;

2. Moly disulfide grease is not suitable for high speed, light load, and low temperature. Use temperature does not exceed 190 degrees;

3. Molybdenum disulfide has a high content of active sulfur, which is easy to cause corrosion to copper. Besides, when parts made of copper and its alloys need to be lubricated, it is not impossible to choose molybdenum disulfide-containing lubricating products, but it is also necessary to add copper corrosion inhibitors;

4. Molybdenum disulfide must not be mixed with engine oil, physical and chemical reactions will occur, causing grease failure.

Advantages of Molybdenum sulfide grease

1. Long service life

Compared with ordinary grease, molybdenum sulfide grease has more excellent oxidation stability, lubricity, mechanical safety, and extremely low volatility. Even under low temperature, it is not easy to harden or produce deposits, and the service life is long.

2. Reduce noise and meet environmental protection requirements

Moly disulfide grease does not contain silicone, which can avoid contact point failure, effectively reduce the noise from plastic gears, and also has a small seepage flow. It can be used in places where cleanliness is required. The base oil is non-toxic and tasteless and meets environmental protection requirements.

3. Wide range of uses

Molybdenum sulfide grease is suitable for the lubrication and protection of high-speed bearings, gears, chains, and other transmission devices in automobiles, electrical equipment, precision equipment, audio-visual equipment, office equipment, textile, printing and dyeing, metallurgy, mining and other industries with plastic components.

4. Outstanding anti-wear performance

Anti-friction: The particle size of molybdenum disulfide produced by supersonic airflow crushing reaches 325-2500 mesh, micro-particle hardness 1-1.5, friction coefficient 0.05-0.1, so it can be used in friction materials to reduce friction.

Infomak is dedicated to the technology development of special oil additives, combined the Technology of nanomaterials developed dry lubricant and oil additives two series. Our products can significantly improve the performance of lubricating oil, improve energy efficiency, effectively protect the lubrication device and extend the oil change cycle, which can satisfy the lubrication oil constantly upgrading for high-end engine oil additives. 

If you are looking for molybdenum disulfide , please feel free to contact us. 

1. Crystal structure and lubrication mechanism of tungsten disulfide WS2

The crystal structure of WS2 is a typical hexagonal crystal layered structure. Each layer is composed of two layers of hexagonal sulfur atoms sandwiched by a layer of metal tungsten atoms, and sulfur atoms and tungsten atoms form a triangular cone shape. The sulfur atoms and tungsten atoms in each segment are connected by strong covalent bonds, and the layers are combined by relatively weak Van der Waals forces. This kind of connection makes the sheet have a substantial sliding property, and sulfur atoms can quickly form physical or chemical adsorption with most metals to create a transfer film. Friction mostly occurs between the lubricating film and the transfer film, so although conflict alone may not occur Wear, and the damaged part of the film layer can be repaired by moving the lubrication film that adheres to the lubricating material and the WS2 debris accumulated on both sides of the friction part. The SEM electron micrograph of the hexagonal layered sheet-like WS2 is shown below.

2. The characters of tungsten disulfide WS2

WS2, as a solid lubricant has significant characteristics in terms of physical properties. In the past, petroleum base oils and greases were most commonly used as lubricants.

In recent years, with the advancement of industrial technology, the demand for new reliable lubrication has increased with the increase in machine output, rotational speed, sliding speed, load, and use in harsh environments such as high temperature and vacuum. It is also essential to maintain a clean atmosphere and protect the environment.

The oxidation temperature of WS2 is about 100℃ higher than that of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), which has an excellent heat resistance and extreme pressure performance, and has a low coefficient of friction;

WS2 can resist high surface pressure;

In solid lubricants, its friction coefficient has a tendency to decrease with increasing load;

WS2 also has lubricity at a high temperature of 450℃, which helps prevent sintering or seizure;

WS2 is more resistant to wear;

WS2 can reduce industrial waste and protect the environment;

WS2 has a perfect energy-saving effect;

In addition to reducing energy consumption by reducing the friction coefficient, WS2 can also extend the service life of components, achieve energy saving and reduce costs;

It acts as a lubricant in the temperature range from -273℃ to 450℃ in the air;

WS2 is compatible with most oils and greases;

Compared with graphite, MoS2 and PTFE, WS2 reduces surface deposits by half.

3. Product use examples of tungsten disulfide WS2 

The use of 3-5% WS2 in the brush can effectively extend the life of the brush by 20%-40%; especially suitable for power tools and household appliances, the effect is significant;

The addition of 5-10% WS2 to the graphite mechanical seal ring can effectively reduce the wear rate and extend the life by more than 30%;

WS2 can also be used for mould release agent;

Lubricants for ball bearings and roller bearings;

Engine and driveline components;

Air vibrator, pneumatic motor electrical connector;

Circuit breakers and switches (super electrical contact material additives);

Electric motor

Lubricants for industrial gears and bearings;

Pilot valve, chain saw, etc.;

Rubber gasket, O-ring;

Satellite and aircraft parts;

High vacuum application products;

Cryogenic pump seals, etc.

4. Performance data comparison chart of tungsten disulfide WS2

Although WS2 has a very similar layer structure to graphite and MoS2, its lubricating performance has a particularly special meaning. It has a thicker layer and a more stable molecular structure, which is different from graphite. It is more lubricated under vacuum conditions;

WS2's performance is better than MoS2, and it can continue to lubricate in a wet environment.

Infomak is dedicated to the technology development of special oil additives, combined the Technology of nanomaterials developed dry lubricant and oil additives two series. Our products can significantly improve the performance of lubricating oil, improve energy efficiency, effectively protect the lubrication device and extend the oil change cycle, which can satisfy the lubrication oil constantly upgrading for high-end engine oil additives. 

If you are looking for  WS2, please feel free to contact us.

Oil additives are one or several compounds added to the lubricant to make the grease get some new characteristics or improve some of the existing components of the lubricant. Additives are divided into antioxidants, antiwear agents, friction modifier additives, EP additives, detergents, dispersants, foam inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, flow point improvers, viscosity index enhancers, etc. The additives sold in the market are generally composite products of the above single additives. The difference is that the composition of the unique additive is different, and the ratio of several separate additives within the composite additive is different.

Clean dispersing additives

1. The clean dispersant means that the lubricating oil can suspend the jelly, carbon deposits and other insoluble materials generated after oxidation in the oil, forming a stable colloidal state and not quickly deposited on the parts;

2. The clean dispersant refers to the jelly, carbon deposits, etc. that have been collected on the engine parts, are washed down by the lubricating oil washing effect. The clean dispersant is a surface-active substance that can absorb solid particulate pollutants in the oil and suspend the contaminants on the surface of the oil to ensure that the oil participating in the lubrication cycle is clean to reduce high temperatures and paint film Formation. The dispersant can disperse the low-temperature sludge in the oil to filter it out in the lubricating oil circulation. Clean dispersing additives are the general term for them. They also have the functions of washing, anti-oxidation, and anti-corrosion. Therefore, it is also called a multi-effect additive. In a certain sense, the quality of the lubricating oil is mainly distinguished by its resistance to high and low-temperature deposits and the formation of paint films. It can also be said that the performance and the amount of detergent dispersant in the lubricant can be seen. The agent has an essential influence on the quality of lubricating oil.

Reasons for adding antioxidants and anti-corrosion agents

Engines using fuel oil, kerosene, gasoline, natural gas or artificial gas, liquefied gas, etc. as fuel must use lubricants to lubricate their moving parts. The lubricating oil should be in contact with air during use, and various mechanical equipment will also generate heat, which will increase the temperature of the friction part during operation. Besides, various metal materials in the equipment, such as copper and iron, will play a catalytic role. The oxidative deterioration of oil products will eventually increase the viscosity of the lubricating oil, generate acidic substances to corrode metal materials, and also generate various carbon-like or asphalt-like precipitated substances such as paint films to block the pipeline. All these changes will adversely affect the continued use of oil products and the normal operation of the equipment. Therefore, oil products are required to have good anti-oxidation and anti-corrosion properties. Adding anti-oxidation and anti-corrosion additives to the oil, its purpose is to inhibit the oxidation of the oil, passivate the catalytic effect of the metal on the oxidation, and extend the use of the oil and protect the machine.

After a certain refined base oil, it has a certain anti-oxidation effect. Still, it can not meet the extremely demanding use requirements of modern times, and antioxidant and anti-corrosion additives must be added. The amount of addition is second only to the clean dispersant and viscosity index improver, ranking third.

Pour point depressant mechanism

Pour point depressant is a chemically synthesized polymer or condensate, which generally contains polar groups (or aromatic nuclei) and alkyl chains similar in structure to paraffin hydrocarbons in its molecule. Pour point depressant cannot prevent paraffin from crystallizing out at a low temperature, that is, the cloud point of the oil remains unchanged, it changes the shape and size of the wax crystal by adsorption on the wax crystal surface or eutectic with the wax to prevent the wax from forming a three-dimensional network structure so that it still maintains the oil's ability to flow at low temperatures. It should be emphasized that the pour point depressant can only play the role of pour point depressant in oils containing a small amount of wax. There is no pour point depressant effect if the oil contains no wax or contains too much wax.

Antirust and antiseptic mechanism

Rust inhibitor is a very polar compound. Its polar group has a strong adsorption force on the metal surface, forming a tight monomolecular or multimolecular protective layer on the metal surface to prevent the corrosion medium from contacting the metal. To anti-rust effect. Besides, the base oil that dissolves the rust inhibitor can be adsorbed in the place where the rust inhibitor has little adsorption and penetrates between the anti-rust additive molecules. With the help of van der Waals force and the additive molecules, the adsorption film is stronger; besides, due to the foundation, The role of oil makes the adsorption of the additive on the metal surface firmer and not easy to separate. The oil can also form a concentrate with the additive, thereby making the adsorption membrane more compact. In short, these functions of the base oil are beneficial to protect the adsorbed molecules, maintain the thickness of the oil film, and play a certain role in preventing rust.

Friction modifier additive

Friction modifier additive refers to an additive that reduces the friction coefficient of lubricating oil under boundary lubrication conditions. Its role is to form a layer of lubricating protective film on the metal surface to avoid direct contact between metal peaks, so that mixed lubrication and boundary lubrication The coefficient of friction decreases, reducing frictional resistance and wear and achieving fuel savings.

Antiwear agent

The antiwear agent refers to the ability of the lubricant to form a film on the friction surface under light load and medium load conditions to prevent wear. Such as: sulfurized grease, phosphate ester, dithiophosphate metal salt.

EP additives

EP additives refer to the ability of the lubricant to prevent sintering and scratching of the friction surface under low-speed high-load or high-speed impact load friction conditions, that is, under so-called extreme pressure conditions. EP additives mostly contain sulfur, phosphorus, chlorine and other active substances. Extreme pressure agents react chemically with metals on the friction surface to generate compounds with lower shear force and melting point than the original metal, forming an extreme pressure solid lubricating film to prevent sintering.

Antifoaming agent

In the use of lubricating oil, it is often affected by shocks, agitation, etc., which causes air to enter the lubricating oil, so that the formation of air bubbles will affect the lubricating performance of the lubricating oil, accelerate the oxidation rate, cause oil loss, and hinder the transmission of oil. Interrupt the oil supply, hinder lubrication, and affect the pressure transmission of hydraulic oil. The antifoaming agent is mainly used to suppress the generation of foam and increase the speed of eliminating foam so as to avoid the formation of stable foam. It can be adsorbed on the foam, forming an unstable film, so as to achieve the purpose of destroying the foam. The most commonly used antifoaming agent is methyl silicone oil antifoaming agent

Antioxidant

An important additive to prevent the aging of oil products can effectively increase the service life of oil products. Also talk about the solid additives commonly used in the market

There are many additives in the market that claim to improve the protection of engine oil, and different brands use different mechanisms of action to advertise. The following briefly introduces several types:

(1) Graphite and molybdenum disulfide solid suspension type mainly play the role of anti-friction and antiwear, but can only be applied to solid lubrication and low-speed large-load equipment, and they have no effect when the engine speed exceeds 1000r / min. In addition, its state in lubricating oil is unstable, and precipitation will occur under certain time and temperature conditions. Its precipitates can cause blockage of the oil circuit and accelerate the formation of sludge.

(2) The PTFE resin particulate type has been widely used as an antiwear additive in the United States, but it will deposit on the oil passage and the oil pump filter at low temperature to cause blockage, and deposit in the piston ring groove to make it inactive and accelerate sludge. It is rarely recommended for use in the United States.

(3) The coatings containing heavy metal particles such as copper and lead can form a metal film on the friction surface, which plays the role of antiwear and anti-extreme pressure, but an oil filter with a slightly larger filter core pore size must be used, otherwise it will be filtered out , Block the oil pump and oil circuit. In addition, it will form a film on the surface of the piston and the cylinder for a long time, which will cause the two to stick together, which is prone to sticky rings and other phenomena.

(4) Magnetic olein is a surface metal magnetizing agent, which mainly plays the role of reducing friction and antiwear. The effective time of this type of product is too short, it needs to be added continuously, the cost is higher, and it will interfere with the normal operation of the electronic components on the car.

(5) Chlorine-containing type "Chlorine" is a good extreme pressure agent. Still, it is not suitable for the high-temperature and high-speed working environment of the engine, and it will generate acid under suitable conditions, which is potentially dangerous to the metal in the engine. Besides, chlorine additives may have matching problems with additives already in the lubricant, causing other side effects.

(6) Lead-free, fluorine-free, and chlorine-free chemical film-forming agents can simultaneously exhibit extreme pressure resistance, oxidation resistance, and certain abrasion resistance. Due to its long-lasting chemical reaction film formed on the metal surface, it can effectively extend the life of lubricating oil and metal parts.

Infomak is dedicated to the technology development of special oil additives, combined the Technology of nanomaterials developed dry lubricant and oil additives two series. Our products can significantly improve the performance of lubricating oil, improve energy efficiency, effectively protect the lubrication device and extend the oil change cycle, which can satisfy the lubrication oil constantly upgrading for high-end engine oil additives. Contact us.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is a critical powder lubricant.

The working environment of lubrication and anti-friction is often not a single requirement. Many institutions are developing molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite lubricating materials, which can provide the required lubrication performance and corrosion resistance according to different working conditions. Anti-oxidation performance, anti-impact performance, high-temperature resistance, salt spray resistance and other composite functions.

Molybdenum disulfide powder is made from natural molybdenum concentrate powder after chemical purification. The colour of the product is slightly silvery grey, with a metallic lustre, it has a greasy touch, and is insoluble in water. Molybdenum disulfide powder has the advantages of excellent dispersibility and non-stickiness. It can be added to various greases to form a non-sticky colloidal state, which increases the lubricity and extreme pressure of the lubricant; it is also suitable for high temperature, high pressure and high speed, High-load mechanical working state, extend equipment life. The primary function of MoS2 for friction materials is to reduce friction at low temperatures and increase resistance at high temperatures, and the loss on ignition is small.

MoS2 is widely used as a good powder lubricant, and the following working conditions are applicable:

1. Lubrication under broad temperature conditions

The applicable range of lubricating oil and grease is about 60 ℃ to 350 ℃. MoS2 powder lubricant can be used in the operating temperature range of 270 ℃ to 1000 ℃.

2. Lubrication under heavy load

Generally, the oil film of lubricating oil and grease can only bear a relatively small weight. Once the pressure exceeds its limit, the oil film will rupture, and the friction surface will bite. The MoS2 powder lubricant film can withstand an average weight of 108Pa.

3. Lubrication under vacuum

Under high vacuum conditions, general lubricating oils and greases have a greater vaporability, which can easily damage the vacuum environment and affect the working performance of other components. MoS2 powder lubricant is generally used for lubrication.

4. Lubrication under radiation conditions

Under radiation conditions, general liquid lubricants will polymerize or decompose, losing lubricating properties. MoS2 powder lubricant has better radiation resistance.

5. Lubrication of conductive sliding surfaces

The friction of conductive sliding surfaces such as motor brushes, conductive sliders, solar collector rings on sliding satellites working in a vacuum, and sliding electrical contacts can be lubricated with composite materials composed of carbon graphite or metals.

6. Occasions with very harsh environmental conditions

In harsh environments, such as transportation machinery, engineering machinery, metallurgy and iron and steel industry institutions, mining machinery and other transmission parts working in harsh environments such as dust, sediment, high temperature and humidity, MoS2 powder lubricant can be used for lubrication.

7. The occasion of the corrosive environment

Such as marine machinery, chemical machinery and other transmission parts work in corrosive media such as water (steam), seawater and acids, alkalis, salts, etc., they are subject to different degrees of chemical corrosion. MoS2 powder lubricant can be used as the transmission part in this situation.

8. When the environmental conditions are immaculate

MoS2 powder lubricant can be used for transmission parts of electronics, textile, food, medicine, paper making, printing and other machinery to avoid pollution.

9. Where no maintenance is required

Some transmission parts do not need support, and some transmission parts need to reduce the number of upkeep to save costs. In these occasions, the use of MoS2 powder lubricant is reasonable and convenient and can save money.

MoS2 applications

High-quality MoS2 has higher purity, more regular crystal structure and larger grains. At the same time, the content of non-lubricating solid impurities is lower, which eliminates the negative influence or interference of other contaminants on the molybdenum disulfide lubricant, so that its performance can be fully exerted.

The application fields of high-purity molybdenum disulfide (≥99%) include semiconductor industry, molybdenum disulfide target, battery industry, carbon brush industry, molybdenum disulfide coating and other areas.

Infomakis dedicated to the technology development of special oil additives, combined the Technology of nanomaterials developed dry lubricant and oil additives two series. Our products can significantly improve the performance of lubricating oil, improve energy efficiency, effectively protect the lubrication device and extend the oil change cycle, which can satisfy the lubrication oil constantly upgrading for high-end engine oil additives. 

If you are looking for MoS2 , please feel free to contact us.