Hexagonal boron nitride 2d is an isomorph of graphene with exotic opto-electrical properties, mechanical robustness, thermal stability, and chemical inertness. It is a promising two-dimensional material to boost the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of polymer nanocomposites. However, the integration of BNNSs into polymer matrix remains challenging owing to agglomeration and low interfacial interactions. In addition, the morphology and surface modification of BNNSs significantly impact the molecular interaction with polymer matrices. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms underlying the interaction between BNNSs and polymer matrices, and develop strategies to overcome these barriers for practical applications.

The atomic structure of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is composed of hexagonal lattices of atoms bonded with strong covalent bonds. hBN is available in zero-dimensional (0D fulborenes), one-dimensional (1D BNNT), and two-dimensional (2D BNNS) forms. The BNNSs are able to resist cracking due to their strong covalent bonding and the honeycomb structure of the layers, which is comparable to that of graphene, and has unique properties.

2D hexagonal boron-nitride nanosheets have a broad spectrum of applications as dielectrics, passivation layers, deep ultraviolet light emitters, and photocatalysts because of their extraordinary optical and electrical properties. They have excellent electrical conductivity, high wetting strength, and resistance to cracking, which make them highly attractive for the next generation of ultrathin electronic devices. Moreover, hexagonal boron-nitride is extremely stable against chemical attacks and thermal degradation. Hence, it is a good candidate for high-temperature and industrial applications.